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When you use Mac Catalyst to create a Mac version of your iOS app, you make your app available to a new audience and give existing users the opportunity to enjoy it in a new environment.
Many iOS apps are great candidates for creating a Mac app with Mac Catalyst. This is especially true for iOS apps that already work well on iPad and support key iPad features; for example:
Drag and drop. When you support drag and drop in your iOS app, you also get support for drag and drop in the Mac version.
Keyboard shortcuts. Even though a physical keyboard may not always be available on iPad, iPad users appreciate using keyboard shortcuts to streamline their interaction with your app. On the Mac, users always expect apps to offer keyboard shortcuts. By supporting keyboard shortcuts in your iOS app, you make it easy to add support for common macOS shortcuts to your Mac app.
Multitasking. Apps that do a good job scaling the interface to support Split View, Slide Over, and Picture in Picture lay the necessary groundwork to support the extensive window resizability that Mac users expect.
Support for multiple windows. By supporting multiple scenes on iPad, you also get support for multiple windows in the macOS version.
An iOS app that works well on iPad is a solid foundation for creating a Mac App with Mac Catalyst. However, some apps rely on frameworks or features that don’t exist on a Mac. For example, if your app’s essential features require capabilities like gyroscope, accelerometer, or rear camera, frameworks like HealthKit or ARKit, or if the app’s main function is something like navigation, it might not be suitable for the Mac.
For developer guidance, see Mac Catalyst. For Mac app–design guidance, see macOS Human Interface Guidelines.
Creating a Mac version of your iOS app with Mac Catalyst gives the app automatic support for fundamental macOS features such as:
System-provided UI elements take on a more Mac-like appearance, too, for example:
DEVELOPER NOTE To get an overview of how views and controls change when you create a Mac app with Mac Catalyst, download UIKit Catalog: Creating and Customizing Views and Controls and build the macOS target.
When you first create a Mac app with Mac Catalyst, Xcode defaults to the 'Scale Interface to Match iPad' setting, or iPad idiom. This setting allows you to create a Mac app without making big changes to your app’s layout. By choosing the iPad idiom, standard iOS interface elements retain their appearance in the Mac version of your iOS app; for example, the switch control retains its iOS appearance. In addition, the system scales the app’s interface to ensure that text and interface elements are consistent with the macOS display environment without requiring you to update your app’s layout.
As an alternative to choosing the iPad idiom, you can choose the 'Optimize Interface for Mac' setting, or Mac idiom, in Xcode. With the Mac idiom, your app takes on an even more Mac-like appearance and the system doesn’t scale your app’s layout. As a result, text and graphics appear sharper, making your app look its best on the Mac. However, adopting the Mac idiom often requires you to do additional work on your app’s layout.
When you create a Mac version of your iOS app, initially choose the iPad idiom and make the app feel at home on the Mac by adopting macOS app structure, navigation conventions, and design patterns. After you complete this work, consider switching to the Mac idiom, especially if your app displays a lot of text, detailed artwork, or uses animations.
For guidance, see Mac Idiom.
When you create a Mac version of your iOS app with Mac Catalyst, you need to ensure that your Mac app gives people a rich Mac experience. No matter whether you adopt the iPad idiom or the Mac idiom, it’s essential to go beyond simply displaying your iOS layout in a macOS window. iOS and macOS each define design patterns and conventions for user interaction that are rooted in the different ways people use their devices. Before you dive in and update specific views and controls, become familiar with the main differences between the platforms so you can create a great Mac app.
Differences in conventions and design patterns with the biggest impact on the Mac version of your iOS app exist in the following key areas:
Navigation. Many iOS and macOS apps organize data in similar ways, but they use different controls and visual indicators to help people understand and navigate through the data. For guidance, see App Structure and Navigation.
User input and interactions. Although both iPad and Mac accept user input from a range of devices — such as the Multi-Touch display, keyboard, mouse, and trackpad — touch interactions are the basis for iOS conventions. In contrast, keyboard and mouse interactions are key for macOS conventions. For guidance, see User Interaction.
Menus. Mac users are familiar with the persistent menu bar and expect to find all app commands in menu-bar menus. iOS, on the other hand, doesn’t have a persistent menu bar, and iOS users expect to find app commands in the app’s UI. For guidance, see App Menus.
Visual design and layout. To take advantage of the wider Mac screen in ways that give Mac users a great experience, update your app’s visual design and layout; for example:
For guidance, see Visual Design.
Viewing your iPad app from the perspective of macOS design conventions can also suggest ways to also improve the iPad version, especially if your iPad app originate on iPhone. As you reassess the ways you lay out views and controls in your Mac app, consider this as an opportunity to see if there are places where you can improve your iOS app to make better use of the large iPad screen.
'CHILLED SUGARCANE'™
The Frostbite™ Apple (MN 447 variety) is an unique novelty apple for a special niche. It is extremely cold hardy, small in size, unusual in appearance, and very sweet. People either love or dislike Frostbite™. It is great for cider or people with a real sweet tooth.
Frostbite™ offers a distinctive late season option.
Intense Sweet Taste
The Frostbite™ apple packs a punch. It's almost tangy, very sweet, and juicy. Biting into a Frostbite™ is almost like biting into a piece of sugarcane. Savoring its juice tastes almost like molasses melting in your mouth.
Small, Late Season Sweet
By its late harvest season, Frostbite™ fruit is only about 2 1/2 inches in diameter. At maturity, it has a stripped maroon-red skin over a gold-yellow background. Its firm and juicy, cream colored flesh, delivers small, intensely sweet bites. This apple is great for making cider.
Growing & Storing Cautions
Frostbite™ has a tendency to get russeting (cracks around the top of the apple), which can attract wasps and other pests. The cracks also make the apple susceptible to mold during its relatively short storage life.
Rarely Bitten By Cold
The Frostbite™ apple is extremely cold hardy. It has performed for decades in USDA zone 3b (-30 to -35°F). This durability allows Frostbite™ to thrive in northern climates where very few good quality apples can grow.
Apple Breeding Star
Frostbite™ has been a key apple in the U of M's breeding program since the 1920's. It's extreme cold hardiness and unique flavor make it an excellent apple to cross with other varieties. Frostbite™ is a parent to Keepsake and Sweet 16 apples and a grandparent to Honeycrisp.
Growing Availability
Nurseries began grafting trees in 2008 and trees were ready for sale in 2009 for 2010 planting. Mature fruit became available to the public around 2014.
Features: | Unique, novelty apple. Unusual size, appearance and flavor. |
Fruit Size: | Small to medium. 2.2 to 2.6 inches (5.6 - 6.6 cm) |
Skin Color: | 80 to 95% maroon red over yellow-gold background. Striped pattern of coloration. Often dappled appearance. Sometimes russeted. |
Flesh Color: | Cream to light yellow. |
Flavor: | Sweet. Aromatic. Very unusual. Flavor has been compared to sugar cane and molasses. |
Texture: | Firm, but crisp and juicy |
Storage Life: | 3 to 4 months in refrigerated storage (34 to 37°F) |
Hardiness: | USDA zone 3b (-30 to -35°F), USDA Plant Hardiness Zone map |
Vigor: | Low to medium |
Form: | Spreading |
Production: | Annual |
Ripening Season: | Late. Late September to mid-October. Usually 1 to 3 weeks after Honeycrisp. |
Culinary Uses: | Cider. Desserts. Dried chips. Fresh eating. |
Origin | Malinda open pollinated |
Interesting Facts | Grandparent of Honeycrisp. Parent to Keepsake and Sweet 16 Apples. Frostbite™ name entered by 8 independent Minnesota consumers in naming contest |
Frostbite™ is a trademark of the University of Minnesota.